Thursday, 14 June 2012

What causes low Self-Esteem in children?


1.    Faulty Child Rearing Practices:


Overprotection
·         Overprotected children find it difficult to become independent, to trust and respect their own judgment. These children do not learn coping skills, since their parents do not allow them to handle normal stress and see the world for what it is
·         They are afraid of making mistakes, get hurt easily, find it difficult to defend themselves and sometimes hide behind an overly confident appearance

Neglect
·         Children who are not cared for physically and psychologically often experience feelings of worthlessness, seldom develop independence and lack self-respect  - this becomes even worse when there is a lack of approval from others

Perfectionism
·         Parents often expect children to be perfect, i.e. to only display strengths and no weaknesses - the children feel incompetent and can’t live up to the standards that their parents set for them
·         Fear of failure prevents them even from trying a little harder and longer

Autocratic and punishing attitudes
·         Some parents communicate total power (domination) over their children - in the process there is little positive interaction and mutual respect in the relationship
·         Excessive or unjust punishment prevents a child from developing a positive self-esteem
·         The most destructive form of punishment is displayed when a father is demanding and authoritarian towards his son

Critical and disapproving attitudes
·         Whenever a child feels that he is being rejected and criticized in everything he says or does, he will develop feelings of worthlessness and give up trying even before he starts
·         Blame from adults result in the “naughty” self-image of a child: the child behaves badly and thus confirms his image of being "bad"
·         The approval of teachers also plays a major role in the development of a self-esteem, if the teacher displays excessive disapproval the child is likely to develop a poor self-esteem; he may also behave badly since that is what the teacher (and everyone else?) expects of him

2.    Modelling

·         Parents with a low self-esteem treat their children with the same lack of respect they have for themselves - the children therefore do not grow up in an atmosphere where people feel good about themselves
·         Children who grow up in such conditions tend to display similar behaviours

  1. Being different or handicapped
·         Children who appear much different than others usually experience a low self-esteem and often anger towards themselves
·         The same pattern occurs with handicapped children, often in a more intense manner since the physical proof of not being normal is always present - note that "handicapped" in this context may also refer to minor handicaps, e.g. impaired vision or a hearing problem

  1. Learned irrational beliefs
·         Irrational beliefs often develop at home because of aspects such as modelling, and the other faulty child rearing practices previously described
·         Children with a low self-esteem believe they are incapable of handling situations (even routine ones!) and the daily aspects of their lives
·         Young children do not have yet the judgment and have not learnt to separate negative comments and behaviour from their personality – all negative comments are seen as part of their personalities and of them "being bad".

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